Äldre vuxnas perspektiv på välfärdsteknikens påverkan inom äldreomsorgen

– individuella förväntningar på självständighet, sociala möten och ensamhet

Abstract

Older adults’ perspective on the effects of welfare technology in eldercare: individual expectations on independence, social meetings and loneliness
Welfare technology (WT) has been identified as a potential solution for challenges within eldercare, with policymakers emphasising its capacity to reduce reliance on care staff. Policy discussions surrounding WT also highlight other anticipated benefits, such as mitigating loneliness, facilitating increased social interaction between caregivers and care recipients, and promoting greater independence for the latter. These expectations are permeated by a techno-optimism. Needing care means being vulnerable, and care builds on relationship and interdependence. How older adults think about WT and its consequences for social aspects of care is important for a successful implementation. The individual perspective is relatively unknown. This study aims to investigate how potential users perceive WT and its consequences for feelings of loneliness, opportunities for social interaction in care settings, and levels of independence. To accomplish this, a questionnaire was administered to approximately 5000 individuals between the ages of 65 and 90 residing in Västerbotten. The findings suggest that the techno-optimism visible at the national level is not widely shared by older adults. A majority expressed skepticism regarding the potential of WT to positively influence social aspects of care, and most of the respondents believe that WT will contribute to increased feelings of loneliness. Furthermore, a majority did not perceive a need for various technologies in eldercare and expressed a preference for care provided by human caregivers rather than technology-based alternatives. These attitudes where not effected by age. The group of 65-year-olds that have grown up with technology and are more digital were as skeptical towards WT as the older age groups. We interpret these results to indicate that the inherent relational nature of care can make it unsuitable for direct replacement with technology. An increased expected frailty and vulnerability that follows from needing to receive care may mean that technology is an inappropriate solution.