Den retoriska arbetsprocessens betydelse för möjligheten att framstå med starkt och trovärdigt ethos i muntlig framställning

Abstract

Ethos is the part of a person’s identity he or she needs to be able to speak and write with credibility in different communicative situations. Ethos emerges through language, body, thought and action. In each context, we establish our ethos, at the same time as ethos paradoxically is a consequence of context. Ethos is closely related to the language and the expressions we use, and can use, in various types of communication situations. The adolescents in this article report that they experience an imbalance between the teaching of writing and oral communication, although the rhetorical process is the same for written and oral compositions. However, the longitudinal analysis of the teaching process shows that the imbalance students experience is explained by the fact that the rhetorical process (intellectio, inventio, dispositio, elocutio, memoria and actio / pronuntiatio) is treated differently in written and oral composition. Students are offered few opportunities to work on their preparations oral presentation since the emphasis is rather on the practical performance - actio / pronuntiatio. This gives students more opportunities to establish ethos in front of each other than to build ethos together with others.