Kyrkan, jarlen och makten

– om det stormiga 1000-talet i nordligaste Halland

Abstract

The paper describes traces of a late 11th century wooden church that in 2005 was excavated in Tölö in northern Halland. The purpose is to present the remains of this regional late Viking Age central place within a political historical context. The builders of the church must have played a significant part in forming the regional political landscape at that time. The church was situated in the centre of the, in the late 11th century, very unstable northern border zone between the Norwegian and Danish late Viking Age realms. Snorre Sturlasson gives several accounts of northern Halland as a definitive warzone during this period. In the paper the author examines the political factors which he means were behind the construction of the church and the central place at Tölö as a whole. In the church there were five graves, all dating from the second part of the 11th century. Outside the church a Viking Age ship-formed stone setting was documented and quite nearby a large settlement with a huge hall from the same period was excavated some years ago. In many aspects the place comprises traces of many of the political and religious attributes that archaeologists claim to have been used to express power by the top most elite in late Viking Age society. In its components the power that became expressed upon the ridge at Tölö resembles the symbolism that became expressed at the most central political places in late Viking Age southern Scandinavia.