Sammanfogning av material i eget konstruktionsarbete – kunnande och elevuppgifter i tidig teknikundervisning

Abstract

I denna artikel presenteras en studie där ett specifikt teknikunnande, att kunna sammanfoga material i eget konstruktionsarbete, undersöks på grundskolans lågstadium, samt hur detta kunnande ges möjlighet att utvecklas i uppgifter som eleverna arbetar med i teknikundervisningen. Interventioner genomfördes i undervisningen i årskurs två och datainsamling har främst skett genom filmning. Elevernas handlingar analyserades fenomenografiskt, vilket resulterade i sju olika kategorier av kunnande som exempelvis att värdera fästförmågan och dess varaktighet samt att välja fogningsmaterial utifrån egenskaper. Elevuppgifterna i undervisningen relaterades sedan till identifierat kunnande. Studien visar hur unga elever utvecklar sitt kunnande när de arbetar med specifika uppgifter. På så sätt bidrar studien till en precisering av vilket kunnande som elever kan utveckla och vilka elevuppgifter i tidig teknikundervisning som kan bidra till det.

Joining of materials in own constructions – students’ knowing and tasks in primary technology education

The aim of this study is to explore what the ability to join materials in working with own constructions in primary technology education consists of, as well as how knowing is developed when students work with specific tasks. Interventions were made in four groups of students in second grade (7 and 8-year-old students). Data collection mainly consisted of video observation. The phenomenographic analysis of the students’ actions resulted in seven categories, describing qualitatively different ways of knowing related to joining materials. The categories were related to aspects of function, such as analyzing the duration of the joining; and construction, such as selecting joining materials. The student tasks, in terms of educational materials, instructions or task design, were then related to the identified ways of knowing. The study contributes to the specification of which knowledge students can develop, and what kind of student tasks in early technology education that can contribute to it.