Transitionsekonomierna och kvinnoarbetet. Könsperspektiv på den ryska arbetsmarknaden

Abstract

Despite the dramatic changes in the economic system and in gender discourse in Russia over the last 10 years, gender differences in labour force participation and employment have remained more stable than expected. Women were at a disadvantage at work in the USSR and they remain so in today's Russia. Both men and women have left the labour märket, to a similar degree, but while the male exit is concentrated in young and old cohorts, women of reproductive age are less likely to be "at work". The gender wage differential appears to have increased by some percentage points. The limited quantitative evidence indicates that the main driving force behind this is the increase in income differentiation. Contrary to expectations, female unemployment is not larger than male.