Avtrykk av den europeiske flyktningkrisa i 2015

Minnearbeid i fire norske barnekulturelle verk

Författare

  • Silje Neraas Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54797/tfl.v53i1.15073

Nyckelord:

Children’s culture, mediation, the European refugee crisis, memory theory, cultural memory

Abstract

Imprints of the European Refugee Crisis in 2015: Memory Work in Four Norwegian Cultural Productions for Children

This article examines four Norwegian cultural productions for children that were produced between 2016 and 2017. The four productions are “Gutten på stranda” [“The boy on the Beach”] by the Norwegian band Rasmus og Verdens Beste Band, the YA-novel Hver morgen dyppet min søster brystene i isvann for å bli pen [Every Morning My Sister Dipped her Breasts into Icy Water to become Pretty] by Bjørn Sortland, and two dramatic productions, “Myke øyne” [“Soft eyes”] by Kate Pendry, and “MariAmira” by Siri Broch Johansen. They all tell of actual events and draw on narratives known from what has been called the European refugee crisis in 2015: “The Boy on the Beach” tells the story of the three-year-old Alan Kurdi who was found dead on a beach in Bodrum, Turkey. “Soft Eyes” addresses the tragic event when 71 people were found dead inside a lorry, in the outskirts of Vienna, Austria. The YA-novel and the play “MariAmira” draw on a Syrian refugee narrative. The four productions have standing in a close and dialogical relation to the news coverage of the refugee crisis in common. In addition, memory is a central part of their mediation of the events and narratives.

The article examines how these productions contribute to establish and shape the refugee crisis as a collective, cultural memory. This memory work is expressed through different strategies in each production, but they have in common that memory works in multidirectional ways (Rothberg, 2009). The four productions expand and extend events and narratives from the refugee crisis through recollections of other and previous events. Also, we find a dynamic transfer where the events that are recollected are seen and understood through the lens of the refugee crisis. Thus, memory transcends time and space, and places the refugee crisis into a larger cultural coherence.

Nedladdningar

Nedladdningsdata är inte tillgängliga än.

Författarbiografi

Silje Neraas, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)

Stipendiat ved institutt for lærarutdanning (ILU) på Norges teknisk- naturvitskaplege universitet (NTNU). Ut frå eit minneteoretisk perspektiv undersøkjer Neraas i avhandlinga norske bildebøker og barnekulturelle verk som kom ut i tidsrommet 2016–2017, i kjølvatnet av det som vart kalla for den europeiske flyktningkrisa i 2015. Neraas har publisert to artiklar i samanheng med avhandlinga: ”Past Wars in Present Stories: An Analysis of the Picturebook Vanishing Colors” (2020) i tidsskriftet Literature in Education og ”Havets toposar. Ein analyse av bildeboka Papelina av Randi Fuglehaug og Jill Moursund” (2023) i tidsskriftet ELLA – Utdanning litteratur, språk.

Referenser

Artilleriet Produksjoner. ”MYKE ØYNE”. 2023-07-12. https://vimeo.com/185123678.

Assmann, Jan. ”Collective Memory and Cultural Identity”. New German Critique vol. 22 (1995:2), 125–129. https://doi.org/10.2307/488538. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/488538

Assmann, Jan. Cultural Memory and Civilization. Writing, Remebrance, and Political Imagination. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511996306

Bogart, Anne og Tina Landau, The Viewpoints Book. A Practical Guide to Viewpoints and Composition. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 2005.

Den Kulturelle Skolesekken. ”Om DKS”. Henta 2023-10-12. https://www.denkulturelleskolesekken.no/forside/om-dks/.

DUS. Dus, Den Unge Scenen. https://dus.as/om-oss.

Dybendal, Judith. ”Bortskjemte nordmenn og lidende flyktninger”. Periskop, 2017-05-26. https://periskop.no/bortskjemte-nordmenn-og-lidende-flyktninger/.

Egeland, Jan. ”Foreword: Beyond the Headlines”. I Moving Stories, Aidan White red. Henta 2023-10-12. https://weblog.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl1231/files/Moving-Stories-International-Review-of-How-Media-Cover-Migration-1.pdf.

Erll, Astrid og Ann Rigney. Mediation, Remediation, and the Dynamics of Cultural Memory. Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110217384

Frisholm, Jenny Ovlien og Tom Benjaminsen. ”Flukten fra Nord-Norge”. itromso.no, 2017-02-10. https://www.itromso.no/kultur/i/Ew6nj2/flukten-fra-nord-norge.

Gabrielli, Giulia. ”An Analysis of the Relation between Music and Image. The Contribution of Michel Gondry”. I Rewind, Play, Fast Forward: The Past, Present and Future of the Music Video, Henry Keazor og Thorsten Wübbena red. Bielefeld: transcript Verlag, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783839411858-006

Genette, Gérard. Palimpsests: Literature in the Second Degree. Lincoln: the University of Nebraska Press, 1997.

Hellestveit, Cecilie. Syria: En stor krig i en liten verden. Oslo: PAX, 2018.

Johansen. Siri Broch. ”MariAmira”. I DUS – Den Unge Scenen 7. Oslo: Transit, 2018.

Kloden Teater AS. ”Myke øyne - Artilleriet Produksjoner - Kloden”. Henta 2023-06-26. https://www.kloden.no/arkiv/myke-oyne-artilleriet-produksjoner/.

Kurdi, Tima. Gutten På Stranden: Historien Om Alan Kurdi. Drøbak: Quintano forlag, 2021.

Langås, Unni og Karin Sanders red. Litteratur Inter Artes: Nordisk Litteratur i Samspill Med Andre Kunstarter. Kristiansand: Portal Forlag, 2016.

Lauritsen, Eivind Nicolai. ”71 Flyktninger Funnet Døde i Lastebil i Østerriket”. Aftenposten, 2015-08-28. https://www.aftenposten.no/verden/i/ma5E/71-flyktninger-funnet-doede-i-lastebil-i-oesterrike.

Lothe, Jakob, Unni Solberg og Christian Refsum. Litteraturvitenskapelig Leksikon. Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget, 2007.

Machin, David. Analysing Popular Music: Image, Sound and Text. Los Angeles: SAGE, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781446280027

Mann, Itamar. Humanity at Sea: Maritime Migration and the Foundations of International Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316563106

Meiner, Carsten og Kirsten Veel red. The Cultural Life of Catastrophes and Crises. Vol. 3. Concepts for the Study of Culture. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110282955

Missing Migrants. ”Mediterranean | Missing Migrants Project” Henta 2023-10-12. https://missingmigrants.iom.int/region/mediterranean.

Neraas, Silje. ”Havets Toposar”. ELLA – Utdanning litteratur, språk vol. 1 (2023: 2). https://doi.org/10.58215/ella.25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.58215/ella.25

Ommundsen, Åse Marie. ”Nasjonal traumebearbeiding i sanglyrikk for barn og unge etter 22/7”. Barnelitterært forskningstidsskrift vol. 4 (2013). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3402/blft.v4i0.23537

Pattison, Pat. ”Similarities and Differences between Song Lyrics and Poetry”. I The Poetics of American Song Lyrics, Charlotte Pence red. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2011. https://doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781617031564.003.0009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781617031564.003.0009

Pendry, Kate. ”Myke Øyne”. 2016. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/601bd5e2df5fae73129ebd52/t/603bc188d5e6525faf3a5481/1614528905835/2016+KATE+PENDRY+-+SOFT+EYES+%3A+MYKE+%C3%98YNE+-+EN%2BNO.pdf.

Pesonen, Jaana. ”Meidän Piti Lähteä and the Problematics of Voicing the Refugee Experience in a Wordless Picturebook”. Barnboken vol. 43 (2020), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.14811/clr.v43i0.485. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14811/clr.v43i0.485

Pourkarim, Laleh. ”Some Die Young”. 2017-06-12. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wvFpluKXafU.

Rasmus og Verdens Beste Band. ”Rasmus Og Verdens Beste Band - Gutten På Stranda”. Henta 2023-10-12. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=685TUKvT19c.

Rigney, Ann. ”Remembrance as Remaking: Memories of the Nation Revisited”. Nations and Nationalism vol. 24 (2018:2). https://doi.org/10.1111/nana.12388. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/nana.12388

Rohde, Rasmus. ”Gutten på stranda”. Henta 2023-10-12. https://rasmusogverdensbesteband.no/sangtekster-banjo-pa-badet/.

Rothberg, Michael. Multidirectional Memory: Remembering the Holocaust in the Age of Decolonization. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2009.

Rothstein, Klaus. Den druknede dreng. Flygtningekrisen i litteratur og kunst. København: Forlaget Vandkunsten, 2020.

Skogli, Nina Helene Jakobia. ”Flyktningkrisen, politisk fatigue og de Myke øynene”. I Kunst og konflikt. Teater, visuell kunst og musikk i kontekst, Siemke Bönish og Randi Margrete Eidsaa red. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, 2019, 51–68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18261/9788215032344-2019-2

Skyggebjerg, Anna Karlskov. ”Vidnesbyrdlitteraturens stille stemmer”. Barnboken vol. 43. (2020). https://doi.org/10.14811/clr.v43.527. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14811/clr.v43.527

Sontag, Susan. Regarding the Pain of Others. London: Penguin Books, 2003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3917/dio.201.0127

Sortland, Bjørn. Hver Morgen Dyppet Min Søster Brystene i Isvann for å Bli Pen: Roman. Bergen: Piggsvin, 2017.

Tangen, Karl Fredrik. ”Flyktningteater som opium for folket”. Periskop, 2018-11-29. https://periskop.no/flykningeteater-opium-folket/.

Vassiloudi, Vassiliki. ”International and Local Relief Organizations and the Promotion of Children’s and Young Adult Refugee Narratives”. Bookbird: A Journal of International Children’s Literature vol. 57 (2019: 2), 35–49. https://doi.org/10.1353/bkb.2019.0016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/bkb.2019.0016

Warnqvist, Åsa. ”Family First in Homes Away From Home: Depictions of Refugee Experiences and Flight from War in Picturebooks Published in Sweden 2014–2018”. Bookbird: A Journal of International Children’s Literature vol 56 (2018: 4), 60–71. https://doi.org/10.1353/bkb.2018.0067. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1353/bkb.2018.0067

Watts, Inger Selven. De kom til oss: Tvangsevakueringen av Finnmark og Nord-Troms. Oslo: PAX Forlag, 2016.

Ørstavik, Maren. ”Problemet med politisk oppdragelseskunst”. Periskop, 2018-01-29. https://periskop.no/problemet-politisk-oppdragelseskunst/.

Østby, Lars. ”Fra asylsøker til flyktning – før og etter kriseåret 2015”. Samfunnsspeilet, no. 4 (2016: 3–8). https://www.ssb.no/befolkning/artikler-og-publikasjoner/fra-asylsoker-til-flyktning-for-og-etter-krisearet-2015.

Österlund, Mia. ”Havet som förbinder och skiljer åt”. Tidskrift för Litteraturvetenskap vol. 46 (2016: 3–4). https://doi.org/10.54797/tfl.v46i3-4.8767. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54797/tfl.v46i3-4.8767

Publicerad

2023-12-22

Referera så här

Neraas, S. (2023). Avtrykk av den europeiske flyktningkrisa i 2015: Minnearbeid i fire norske barnekulturelle verk. Tidskrift för Litteraturvetenskap, 53(1). https://doi.org/10.54797/tfl.v53i1.15073

Nummer

Sektion

Forskningsartikel

Kategorier